Right Answer for MCQ will be highlighted on Hover / Click on the option.
Geography MCQ, Class-11, Chapter-7, Atmosphere and Climate
Geography MCQ, Class 10, Chapter-5, Mineral and Energy Resources
NCERT Based MCQ with Explanation:
1. What is the primary basis for Koeppen’s climate classification scheme?
(a) Wind patterns
(b) Temperature and precipitation
(c) Soil types
(d) Altitude
Explanation: Koeppen’s empirical classification uses mean annual and monthly temperature and precipitation data, correlating these with vegetation distribution to categorize climates accurately and effectively across the globe.
2. Which letter in Koeppen’s classification designates dry climates?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
Explanation: In Koeppen’s system, the capital letter B represents dry climates where potential evaporation exceeds precipitation, resulting in arid or semi-arid conditions across various latitudes globally.
3. What does the small letter ‘f’ signify in Koeppen’s climate classification?
(a) Winter dry season
(b) No dry season
(c) Summer dry season
(d) Monsoon climate
Explanation: The small letter ‘f’ indicates climates with no dry season, ensuring consistent precipitation throughout the year, as observed in tropical wet climates near the equator.
4. Which Koeppen climate group has the coldest month’s average temperature below -3°C?
(a) A
(b) C
(c) D
(d) E
Explanation: Koeppen’s D group, cold snow forest climates, is defined by the coldest month having an average temperature of -3°C or below, common in high-latitude continental regions.
5. What type of vegetation is associated with the tropical wet climate (Af)?
(a) Deciduous forests
(b) Tropical evergreen forests
(c) Sparse grasslands
(d) Tundra vegetation
Explanation: The tropical wet climate supports tropical evergreen forests with dense canopy and high biodiversity due to consistent high temperatures and heavy rainfall throughout the year.
6. Where is the tropical monsoon climate (Am) predominantly found?
(a) Central Europe
(b) Indian sub-continent
(c) Western Australia
(d) Antarctic region
Explanation: The tropical monsoon climate is prevalent in the Indian sub-continent, featuring heavy summer rainfall and a dry winter, influenced by seasonal wind reversals and monsoon patterns.
7. Which Koeppen climate type is characterized by a winter dry season?
(a) Af
(b) Am
(c) Aw
(d) BSh
Explanation: The tropical wet and dry climate has a distinct winter dry season, with a shorter wet season and higher temperatures, located north and south of tropical wet regions.
8. What defines the subtropical desert climate (BWh)?
(a) High rainfall year-round
(b) Low-latitude arid conditions
(c) Cold winters
(d) Dense forest cover
Explanation: The subtropical desert climate is marked by low-latitude arid conditions with minimal rainfall, high summer temperatures, and significant diurnal temperature variations, supporting sparse vegetation.
9. Which Koeppen climate group is associated with cold climates where all months have an average temperature below 10°C?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) D
(d) E
Explanation: Koeppen’s E group, cold climates, includes regions where the average temperature for all months is below 10°C, such as tundra and polar ice cap climates.
10. What is the characteristic feature of the Mediterranean climate (Cs)?
(a) Cold, snowy winters
(b) Hot, dry summers
(c) No dry season
(d) Severe winters
Explanation: The Mediterranean climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters, occurring around the Mediterranean Sea and similar subtropical regions globally.
Biology MCQ, Class-11th, Chapter-18, Neural Control and Coordination11. Which Koeppen climate type is found in the Amazon Basin?
(a) Am
(b) Af
(c) Aw
(d) BWh
Explanation: The Amazon Basin experiences a tropical wet climate, with high temperatures and significant rainfall every month, supporting dense tropical evergreen forests and high biodiversity.
12. What does the small letter ‘w’ indicate in Koeppen’s classification?
(a) No dry season
(b) Winter dry season
(c) Summer dry season
(d) Monsoon climate
Explanation: The small letter ‘w’ denotes a winter dry season in Koeppen’s system, indicating reduced precipitation during winter, as seen in tropical wet and dry climates.
13. Which climate type is characterized by a short dry season and monsoonal rainfall?
(a) Af
(b) Am
(c) Aw
(d) Cfa
Explanation: The tropical monsoon climate features a short dry season and heavy monsoonal rainfall, primarily in summer, found in regions like the Indian sub-continent and northern Australia.
14. What is the primary characteristic of Koeppen’s B group climates?
(a) High humidity
(b) Potential evaporation exceeds precipitation
(c) Cold winters
(d) Dense vegetation
Explanation: Koeppen’s B group climates are dry, with potential evaporation exceeding precipitation, resulting in arid or semi-arid conditions, such as deserts and steppes, across wide latitudes.
15. Which Koeppen climate type is associated with humid subtropical conditions with no dry season?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cfa
(c) Cfb
(d) Cs
Explanation: The humid subtropical climate has no dry season, with rainfall throughout the year and mild winters, found in eastern continental regions like southern China and eastern USA.
16. What type of climate is found in the tundra regions?
(a) ET
(b) EF
(c) Df
(d) Dw
Explanation: The tundra climate occurs in regions with permafrost and low-growing vegetation, experiencing no true summer and very cold temperatures, typical beyond 70° latitude.
17. Which Koeppen climate type experiences perennial ice?
(a) ET
(b) EF
(c) Df
(d) H
Explanation: The polar ice cap climate is characterized by perennial ice, with temperatures below freezing even in summer, found in interior Greenland and Antarctica.
18. What is the main factor governing highland climates (H)?
(a) Latitude
(b) Topography
(c) Ocean currents
(d) Vegetation
Explanation: Highland climates are governed by topography, with temperature and precipitation varying significantly over short distances due to elevation changes in mountainous regions globally.
19. Which Koeppen climate type is associated with marine west coast conditions?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cfa
(c) Cfb
(d) Cs
Explanation: The marine west coast climate features moderate temperatures, warm and cool summers, and year-round precipitation, found in regions like northwestern Europe and southern Chile.
20. What is the average temperature of the coldest month in Koeppen’s A group climates?
(a) Below -3°C
(b) 18°C or higher
(c) Below 10°C
(d) Between -3°C and 18°C
Explanation: Koeppen’s A group, tropical climates, has an average temperature of the coldest month at 18°C or higher, ensuring consistently warm conditions year-round in tropical regions.
21. Which Koeppen climate type is found in central California and central Chile?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cs
(c) Cfa
(d) Cfb
22. What is the primary cause of low rainfall in dry climates (B)?
(a) High humidity
(b) Subtropical high pressure
(c) Dense vegetation
(d) Cold ocean currents
23. Which Koeppen climate type is characterized by a severe winter with no dry season?
(a) Df
(b) Dw
(c) ET
(d) EF
24. What is the typical annual precipitation range in the Mediterranean climate (Cs)?
(a) 10–20 cm
(b) 35–90 cm
(c) 100–150 cm
(d) 200–250 cm
25. Which Koeppen climate type is found in northeastern Argentina?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cfa
(c) Cfb
(d) Cs
26. What is the primary vegetation in the tropical wet and dry climate (Aw)?
(a) Tropical evergreen forests
(b) Deciduous forests
(c) Tundra vegetation
(d) Sparse grasslands
27. Which climate type is associated with the highest recorded shade temperature of 58°C?
(a) BSh
(b) BWh
(c) BSk
(d) BWk
28. What is the main characteristic of the cold climate with dry winters (Dw)?
(a) High annual rainfall
(b) Monsoon-like wind reversal
(c) Severe summer drought
(d) Dense forest cover
29. Which Koeppen climate type is found in northwestern Europe?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cfa
(c) Cfb
(d) Cs
30. What does the small letter ‘s’ indicate in Koeppen’s classification?
(a) No dry season
(b) Winter dry season
(c) Summer dry season
(d) Monsoon climate
31. Which Koeppen climate group is defined by the coldest month’s temperature between -3°C and 18°C?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
32. What type of precipitation is common in the humid subtropical climate (Cfa)?
(a) Snowfall
(b) Thunderstorms and frontal precipitation
(c) Fog
(d) Hail
33. Which Koeppen climate type is characterized by cold due to elevation?
(a) A
(b) B
(c) D
(d) H
34. What is the annual precipitation range in the marine west coast climate (Cfb)?
(a) 10–20 cm
(b) 35–90 cm
(c) 50–250 cm
(d) 300–400 cm
35. Which Koeppen climate type is found in the Sudan region?
(a) Af
(b) Am
(c) Aw
(d) BWh
36. What is the primary cause of climate change according to astronomical theories?
(a) Volcanic eruptions
(b) Changes in solar output
(c) Greenhouse gas emissions
(d) Deforestation
37. Which Koeppen climate type is associated with subtropical steppe conditions?
(a) BSh
(b) BWh
(c) BSk
(d) BWk
38. What is the typical summer temperature in the Mediterranean climate (Cs)?
(a) Around 10°C
(b) Around 25°C
(c) Around 35°C
(d) Below 5°C
39. Which Koeppen climate type is found in southern Japan?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cfa
(c) Cfb
(d) Cs
40. What is the primary vegetation in the subtropical steppe climate (BSh)?
(a) Dense forests
(b) Sparse grasslands
(c) Tundra vegetation
(d) Evergreen forests
41. Which Koeppen climate type is characterized by very severe winters and dry winters?
(a) Df
(b) Dw
(c) ET
(d) EF
42. What is the primary source of carbon dioxide emissions mentioned in the context of global warming?
(a) Volcanic eruptions
(b) Fossil fuel combustion
(c) Deforestation
(d) Oceanic absorption
43. Which Koeppen climate type is found in coastal south Africa?
(a) Cwa
(b) Cfa
(c) Cfb
(d) Cs
44. What is the primary cause of the ozone hole mentioned in the context of global warming?
(a) Carbon dioxide emissions
(b) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
(c) Methane emissions
(d) Nitrous oxide
45. Which Koeppen climate type is associated with mid-latitude desert conditions?
(a) BSh
(b) BWh
(c) BSk
(d) BWk
46. What is the typical winter temperature in the marine west coast climate (Cfb)?
(a) Below -3°C
(b) 4–10°C
(c) 15–20°C
(d) Above 25°C
47. Which Koeppen climate type is found in northern Australia?
(a) Af
(b) Am
(c) Aw
(d) BWh
48. What is the primary effect of volcanic eruptions on climate?
(a) Increased rainfall
(b) Reduced solar radiation
(c) Higher humidity
(d) Increased vegetation
49. Which Koeppen climate type is associated with humid continental conditions?
(a) Df
(b) Dw
(c) ET
(d) EF
50. What is the annual precipitation range in the humid subtropical climate (Cfa)?
(a) 10–20 cm
(b) 35–90 cm
(c) 75–150 cm
(d) 200–250 cm